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  IT À§Çè ºÐ¼® – ºü¶ß¸°¡°A¡± By Eric J. Brown and William A. Yarberry Jr.,
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IT À§Çè ºÐ¼® ºü¶ß¸°¡°A¡±

 

By ISACA.
ISACA Journal Volume 3, 2010

 

Ÿ´çÇϸ鼭 ºñ¿ë-È¿°úÀûÀÎ IT ÅëÁ¦ ȯ°æÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡ À־ IT À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤È®ÇÑ Áø´ÜÀº ÇʼöÀûÀÌ´Ù. ºÒÇàÇÏ°Ôµµ, IT À§Çè ºÐ¼®À» À§ÇÑ µµ±¸ ¹× °³³äÀûÀÎ ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ¿öÅ©´Â Á¾Á¾ °Å·¡ °Ç¼ö, Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ À繫 ¿µÇ⠱׸®°í Àü»çÀûÀÎ ÀçÇØ º¹±¸ ¹× ºñÁî´Ï½º ¿¬¼Ó¼ºÀÇ È¿°ú¿Í °°Àº ¸Å¿ì °¡½ÃÀûÀÎ ÃøÁ¤±âÁصé(metrics)¸¸À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀüÅëÀûÀΠǥ½ÄÀÚµéÀº À§Çè Æò°¡¿¡ À־ Áß¿äÇÏ°í À¯È¿ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸, ÀÌ ±Û¿¡¼­´Â IT À§ÇèÀÌ º¸´Ù Ãß»óÀûÀ̳ª ÀáÀçÀûÀ¸·Î´Â °­·ÂÇÑ ¾î¶² ÇÑ°¡Áö ¿ä¼Ò, Áï ¹ÎøÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛ(agile systems)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ´ëÀÀ ¼öÁØ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­µµ À̲ø¾îÁø´Ù´Â °³³äÀ» ¸ð»öÇÑ´Ù: ¿©±â¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¡°¹ÎøÇÑ(agile)¡± À̶ó´Â ¸»Àº »ç¾÷, ±Ô¹üÀû ±×¸®°í ±â¼úÀû º¯È¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°í È¿À²ÀûÀÎ ÀûÀÀ ´É·ÂÀ̶ó´Â Àü·«ÀûÀÎ Àǹ̷Π»ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.

 

Á¶¿ÀÁö ¿þ½ºÅ͸¸ ±×¸®°í ÇÇÂ÷µå ÇåÆ®¸¸Àº, ÀڽŵéÀÇ Ã¥ÀÎ ¡®IT À§Ç衯¿¡¼­, IT À§ÇèÀ» 4°³ÀÇ ¹üÁÖ·Î ºÐ·ùÇÑ´Ù: °¡¿ë¼º(availability), Á¢±Ù(access), Á¤È®¼º(accuracy) ±×¸®°í ¹Îø¼º(agility) (4°³ÀÇ ¡°A¡±s). ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ IT °¨»ç°¡ À§Çè ºÐ¼®¿¡¼­ óÀ½ 3°¡Áö ¹üÁÖ¸¸À» Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÅ°´Â ¹Ý¸é, ¹Îø¼ºÀº Á¶Á÷ÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¼º°ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àü·«Àû Á߿伺¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¶§¶§·Î ¹«½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¹Îø¼º, Áï Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ºñÁî´Ï½º ¿å±¸¿¡ ÀûÀýÈ÷ ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â ´É·ÂÀº 4°³ÀÇ À§Çè ¹üÁÖ Áß¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ¸ðÈ£(fuzzy)ÇÏÁö¸¸, °á°ú¹°ÀÇ ÀÏ»óÀû Á¦°øÀ̶ó´Â Ãø¸é¿¡¼­´Â °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

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ÃÖ±Ù ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ (°æ±â) ÈÄÅð´Â, À̵éÀÌ ÀüºÎ´Â ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸, ºÐ¸í ¿ÀÆÛ·¹À̼Ç, ½Å¿ë È°µ¿ ±×¸®°í ½ÃÀå º¯´öÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ À§Çè ¿ä¼ÒµéÀ» ¸ð´ÏÅÍÇÏ°í ±ÔÁ¦ÇÏ°í ¿ÏÈ­½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýµé¿¡ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¸¹Àº ÃÊÁ¡ÀÌ ¸ÂÃçÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °ü½ÉÀº Áö³­70³â´ë ȤÀº ±× ÀÌÈĺÎÅÍ °è¼Ó µÇ¾î¿Â À§Çè °ü¸® ³ë·ÂÀÇ ÃÖ±Ù ¸ð½À¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù. ±ÝÀ¶±â°üÀÇ ÀÚº» Áغñ±Ý ¹× À§Çè-°¨¼ö ½Ç¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àü¼¼°è Ç¥ÁØÀ» ¼ö¸³Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ½Ãµµ¿´´ø ¹ÙÁ© ÇùÁ¤(I and II) Àº ±Û·Î¹ú À§Çè °¨¼Ò ³ë·ÂÀÇ ÃֽŠ»ç·ÊµéÀÌ´Ù. À§Çè Áø´Ü ½Ç¹«´Â Á¤±³ÇÏ°Ô, ¼öÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î º¹ÀâÇÏ°Ô, ±×¸®°í ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÏ°Ô ¹ßÀüÇØ¿Ô´Ù. Áö±Ý Àº´Ð ÀåºÎ ³ëÃâ, ºÎä´ãº¸ºÎÁõ±Ç, ±×¸®°í ¸¹Àº ´Ù¸¥ ¿ä¼ÒµéÀÌ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Á¾ÇÕÀûÀÎ À§Çè ¸ðµ¨µé¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ.

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »õ·Ó°í °í¹«ÀûÀÎ À§Çè °ü¸® ¹®È­°¡ IT °¨»çÀÎÀÇ ITÀ§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÏ»óÀû Æò°¡¿¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡°í Àִ°¡? °æ¿µÀÚ°¡ IT °¨»çÀÎÀÇ ¾÷¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±â´ë°¡ ´õ ³ô¾ÆÁø °ÍÀº ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, Á¤º¸´ã´çÀÓ¿øÀº IT À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ºñÁî´Ï½º ¹× IT ¹æÇâ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±íÀº ÀÌÇظ¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â º¸´Ù Àü·«ÀûÀÎ ½Ã°¢À» Ãß±¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ÀÌ ´äÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ¸î °¡Áö Áú¹®¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ.

  •  IT À§ÇèÀ» º¸´Ù È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤·®È­ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº?
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IT À§Çè ºÐ¼®¿¡ À־ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ÃÊÁ¡Àº ´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌ´Â Àü¼úÀûÀÎ À̺¥Æ®¿¡ ¸ÂÃçÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ¿þ½ºÅ͸¸-ÇåÆ®¸¸ ¸ðµ¨¿¡¼­ º¸¸é, ±×·¯ÇÑ À̺¥Æ®¿¡´Â ÄÄÇ»Æà ÀÚ¿øÀÇ °¡¿ë¼º, ºÎ´çÇÑ Á¢±Ù ±×¸®°í ºÎÁ¤È®ÇÑ Ã³¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼¼ºÎ ³»¿ªµéÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ. ¹°·Ð, ÀÌó·³ Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁø À§Çèµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ÏÈ­µµ Á¶Á÷À» Áö¼Ó½ÃÅ°´Âµ¥ ÇʼöÀûÀÌÁö¸¸, ¹ÎøÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» À¯Áö ¸øÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº Àå±âÀûÀ̸鼭 ¼­¼­È÷ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â À§ÇèµéÀÌ ¼öÀͼº ¹× È¿À²Àû ¿ÀÆÛ·¹À̼ǿ¡ »ó´çÇÑ ¼ÕÇظ¦ ³¢Ä¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀº Àü·«ÀûÀ̸鼭µµ ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ª¾ß ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Áï½Ã º¼ ¼ö ¾ø¾î¼­ Æò°¡Çϰųª °æ¿µÀÚ¿¡°Ô º¸¿©ÁֱⰡ ´õ¿í ¾î·Á¿ï °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

 

¹Îø¼ºÀº ±â¼úÀûÀÌ°í ±Ô¹üÀûÀÌ°í °æÀïÀûÀÎ ½ÃÀå º¯È­¿¡ ´ëóÇÏ´Â Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ´É·Â¿¡ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù. ¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀº º¸´Ù ³·Àº ¼öÁØÀÇ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¿ä¼Òµé ¶Ç´Â ºÎÀûÀýÇÑ Àü·«Àû Á¶Á÷ ±¸Á¶·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý°Ü³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °¡Àå ³·Àº °÷¿¡¼­´Â, ·¹°¡½Ã(legacy) ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ¼ö¹é °³ÀÇ go-to ¹®À¸·Î ¾²¿©Áú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¾öû³­ µð¹ö±ë ÀÌÈÄ¿¡´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÏ°Ô µ¿ÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ»Áö ¸ð¸£Áö¸¸, ¼öÁ¤µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ½ÇÆÐÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ³ô´Ù. ³ª»Û ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ½Ç¹«´Â °ð¹Ù·Î ¹ÎøÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ(non-agile) ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ³º´Â´Ù. ½ºÆåÆ®·³ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ÂÊ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â, ³ôÀº Àü·«Àû ¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀ» Áö´Ñ Á¶Á÷Àº ¼­·Î ºÐ¸®µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â »çÀϷνÄ(siloed) ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ǵé, °úµµÇÑ ¼öÀÇ »óÈ£Á¶Á÷°£ ¸µÅ©µé ±×¸®°í ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀÎ ½Ã°£ ¾È¿¡ IT ±â´ÉÀ» º¯È­½ÃÅ°´Â Á¦ÇÑÀû ´É·Â¸¸À» º¸À¯ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

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1990³â´ë, ¸¹Àº ÁøÃëÀûÀÎ Á¶Á÷µéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÇ ºñÁî´Ï½º ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º °ü¸® Àü·«ÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ ±¸¼º¿ä¼Ò·Î½á ¿öÅ©ÇÃ·Î¿ì ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ±¸ÇöÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× È¿°ú´Â ÀÖ¾ú°í, ºÐ¸í ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Ù: °¨»çÁõÀûÀ» Áö´Ñ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ±¸Á¶Àû À̵¿, Á÷°üÀûÀÎ ½ÂÀÎ ÀýÂ÷ ±×¸®°í ÀÚ¿øÀÌ ÀϽÃÀûÀ¸·Î °¡¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì ´ëü °æ·Î¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ´É·Â µîÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é ¿À¶óŬÀÇ Àü»çÀû ÀÚ¿ø °èȹ( ERP) ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ À־, ±¸¸Å ÁÖ¹®ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®·®ÀÌ »çÀü¿¡ Á¤ÇÑ ±âÁØÀ» ÃÊ°úÇÏ¸é ³·Àº Á÷±ÞÀÇ ¹ßÀÇÀڷκÎÅÍ ³ôÀº Á÷±ÞÀÇ ½ÂÀαÇÀÚ¸¦ °ÅÄ¡°Ô µÇ¸ç, ±¸¸Å-ÁöºÒ ½ÎÀÌŬÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ÀýÂ÷µéÀÌ À̾îÁø´Ù. º¯°æ ÅëÁ¦ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼­, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ º¯°æ(»çÇ×)Àº »ç¿ëÀÚ/½ÂÀαÇÀÚ°¡ ÀüÀÚÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÂÀÎÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ½Ç¹«È¯°æ¿¡ Àû¿ë½Ãų ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

 

´ëÁ¶ÀûÀ¸·Î, ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ ¿µ¸® ¹× ºñ¿µ¸® »ç¾÷Àº ¿öÅ©ÇÃ·Î¿ì ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼­ ÀçÁ¤ÀÇµÈ °èÃþ±¸Á¶ÀûÀÌ°í Çѹø¿¡ ÇÑ ½ºÅÜ (ó¸®ÇÏ´Â) ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º¸¦ ±Øº¹Çϵµ·Ï Á¡Á¡ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù(°è¼ÓÇؼ­ ¿öÅ©ÇÃ·Î¿ì ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ¸¹Àº ÇÙ½É ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º¿¡¼­ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´çÇÒÁö¶óµµ). ½ÃÀå¿¡¼­ÀÇ º¯È­´Â ±âÇϱ޼öÀûÀ¸·Î ÀϾ°í ÀÖ´Ù. °í°´µéÀº ÀÌÀüº¸´Ù ÈξÀ °­·ÂÇÑ ¿µÇâ·Â°ú ¼Õ½±°Ô Á¦°øÀÚ¸¦ ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À¯¿¬¼ºÀ» Áö´Ñ À¥À» »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­, ¸¹Àº »ç¾÷¿¡ À־, º¯È­ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ½ÃÀå¿¡¼­ ¼±µÎ°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¶§·Î´Â °ª½Î°í Ç¥ÁØÈ­µÈ Á¦Ç°À» ¸¸µå´Â ´É·Âº¸´Ù ´õ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. Á¦Ç° ¹× ¼­ºñ½º Áß´ÜÀº ´õ ÀÌ»ó Ưº°ÇÑ À̺¥Æ®°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ Áß´Ü(À§Çè)Àº (¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô) °ÅÀÇ µ¿µîÇÏ´Ù. ¿ÀÁ÷ ¹ÎøÇÑ È¸»ç¸¸ÀÌ ½ÃÀåÁ¡À¯À²À» À¯ÁöÇϰųª Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇÏ¿© Á¦Ç°, ÆǸÅ, ¼­ºñ½º ±×¸®°í °ø±ÞÀÚ¸¦ ÃæºÐÈ÷ »¡¸® ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °æÀïÀû ¿ìÀ§¸¦ Á¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ºñÀÏ»óÀûÀÎ È°µ¿ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­, ½ÃÀå ¿©°Ç, Á¤ºÎ ±ÔÁ¦, ±â¼ú ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ ¿äÀεéÀÌ Å©°Ô ¹æÇØµÉ ¶§¿¡ ¹ÎøÇÑ IT ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» Áö´Ñ Á¶Á÷Àº ´Ù¸¥ Á¶Á÷µé¿¡ ºñÇØ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ´õ¿í ¼ºÀåÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

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°­·ÂÇÏ°í ±ÕÀÏÇÏ°í ¾ÈÁ¤ÀûÀÌ°í ±×¸®°í ¿¹Ãø°¡´ÉÇÑ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î Ç÷§ÆûÀº Á¶Á÷ÀÇ IT À§Çè°¨¼Ò ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ °¡Àå ÇʼöÀûÀÎ ¿ä¼ÒÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í °­·ÂÇÑ Ç÷§Æû(¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î, Çϵå¿þ¾î ±×¸®°í ¹æ¹ý·Ð)ÀÌ IT À§ÇèÀÇ ¸ðµç ¿µ¿ª¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢Ä¡´Â ¹Ý¸é¿¡, ¹Îø¼º À§Çè¿¡ °üÇؼ­´Â ºÒ±ÕÇüÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù. ºÒÇàÇÏ°Ôµµ, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ È¸»ç°¡ ±Þ°ÝÇÑ º¯È­¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Â IT À¯¿¬¼ºÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °£´ÜÇÑ °ø½ÄÀº ¾ø´Ù. ¹Îø¼ºÀ» ±Ø´ëÈ­Çϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇÏ´Â Áøº¸ÀûÀΠȸ»ç´Â (Á¾¾÷¿ø, °è¾àÀÚ, Á¦Á¶¾÷ÀÚ ±×¸®°í °í°´À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â) ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î °øÀ¯, ºñ°èÃþÀû ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤ ±×¸®°í Àü»çÀûÀÎ »ç°í °ø°£(mind space)ÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ È°¿ëÀ» ±ÇÀåÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ Á¶Á÷µéÀº °¡²ûÀº Àΰ£ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë µµ±¸¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¹Îø¼ºÀ» ÃËÁø½ÃŲ´Ù.

 

À¥ 2.0 ¿ì»ê ¾Æ·¡ ´ëºÎºÐ µé¾îÀÖ´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µµ±¸µéÀÇ ¿¹½Ã·Î´Â Çù¾÷ ÆÐÅ°Áö, Á¤º¸°øÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î(°¡·É ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ½¦¾îÆ÷ÀÎÆ®sharepoint), À§Å°, ºí·Î±×, °æº¸ ½Ã½ºÅÛ, ½Å¼ÓÇÑ º¯È­¸¦ À§ÇÑ Á¦3ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ºô¸®´Â ¼­ºñ½º(hosted service), »çȸÀû ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±×¸®°í ½ÉÁö¾î´Â ¸Å½¬¾÷(mashups: Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¼Ò½º·ÎºÎÅÍ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¶Ç´Â/±×¸®°í ±â´É¼ºÀ» °áÇÕ½ÃŲ À¥ ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀ̼Ç) µîÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. ¼ö¸¹Àº Á¶Á÷Àº ¹®Á¦-ÇØ°á ŽºÅ©µéÀ» º¸Á¶Çϱâ À§ÇØ ¼ö¹é¸¸ ´ëÀÇ ÀÚ¿øÇÑ PCµéÀÇ ¿©À¯ »çÀÌŬÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑ°¡Áö ¿¹°¡ Folding@home ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®Àε¥, ±×°ÍÀº ÀÇÇÐ ¿¬±¸Àڵ鿡°Ô ¾î·Á¿î ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϴµ¥ °Å´ëÇÑ ¼öÆÛÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ »óÀÀÇÏ´Â ÆÄ¿ö¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.

 

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ´É·ÂÀ» °®ÃßÁö ¸øÇÑ Á¶Á÷Àº ÀڽŵéÀÇ °í°´ ¹× ½ÃÀå ¿©°ÇÀ» µû¶ó°¡Áö ¸øÇÏ´Â ´ëÀÀ À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇÒ ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù. ´å Ŭ¶ó¿ìµåÀÇ Ã¥: Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»Æà À§¿¡ ±¸ÃàµÈ 21¼¼±â ºñÁî´Ï½º Ç÷§Æû, ¿¡¼­ ÇÇÅÍ Çΰ¡´Â ÀüÅëÀû ȸ»ç´Â º¸»ó Ãø¸é¿¡¼­ ³î¶ó¿ï Á¤µµ·Î ºÒ±ÕÇüÀε¥, Á¤º¸ÀÇ °¡¿ë¼º¿¡¼­µµ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀ̶ó°í ÁöÀûÇÑ´Ù. ±Ù·ÎÀÚµéÀº °æ¿µ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °ÅÀÇ Á¤º¸°¡ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ´Ù¸¥ ±×·ìÀÇ È°µ¿ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ȸ»ç°¡ ³ª¾Æ°¥ ¹æÇâ¿¡ °üÇؼ­µµ ¸íÈ®È÷ ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ÃÖ°í °æ¿µÁøÀº »ó¼¼ÇÏ°í ¿ä¾àµÈ ¹æ´ëÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ(¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ºñÁî´Ï½º ÀÎÅÚ¸®Àü½º º¸°í¼­)¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇÏ´Â ¹Ý¸é¿¡, ³·Àº Á÷±ÞÀÇ Á÷¿øµéÀº Á¾Á¾ °¡»óÀûÀ¸·Î ¾îµÒ ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ Á¶Á÷Àº Á¾¾÷¿ø, Á¦Á¶¾÷ÀÚ, °í°´ ±×¸®°í ±âŸ °ü·Ã ÀÌÇØ Áý´ÜÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¿©·¯ ±×·ìÀÇ Áö´É ¹× Áö½ÄÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â Å©¶ó¿ìµå(crowd: ´ëÁß) ÄÄÇ»Æÿ¡ ÀÇÁöÇؾ߸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.

 

¿ªÀÚ ÁÖ) crowd computingÀ» cloud computing°ú ±¸ºÐÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÔ.

°¡½ÃÀû À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °úµµÇÑ ÁýÁß

 

ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÚµ¿Â÷ ¿­¼è¸¦ ã±â À§ÇØ ¾î´À °¡·Îµî ¹ØÀ» ¹èȸÇÑ´Ù´Â ÆÄƼ¿¡ °¡±â¸¦ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿À·¡µÈ ³ó´ãÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿Ö ±× ¹Ø¿¡¼­¸¸ ã´À³Ä ÇÏ°í ¹°¾úÀ» ¶§, ±×´Â  ¡°±×°ÍÀº »ó½ÄÀÌ´Ù °Å±â°¡ ´õ ¹àÀº °÷ÀÌ´Ù.¡±¶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ Á¤µµ´Â ¾Æ´Ï´õ¶óµµ, Àü»çÀû À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÅäµµ °°Àº ±æÀ» °É¾î°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. Ç㸮ÄÉÀÎ, ÁöÁø, ¼¼°£ÀÇ ÁÖ¸ñÀ» ¹Þ´Â »ç±â ±×¸®°í Ä¿´Ù¶õ ȸ°è ¿À·ù µîÀÌ ´«¿¡ ¶è´Ù. ¿ÏÈ­ ÀýÂ÷ÀÇ ¼¼ºÎ »çÇ׿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¸ðµÎ°¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸, Àû¾îµµ ±×·¯ÇÑ »ç°ÇµéÀÌ ¸í¹éÈ÷ À§ÇèÇÏ´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡´Â °ø°¨ÇÑ´Ù. °¨»çÀο¡°Ô À־µµ, °¡·Îµî ºÒºûÀÌ ºñÃß´Â ¸Å¿ì °¡½ÃÀûÀÎ À§ÇèµéÀÌ °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ´«¿¡ ¶Ú´Ù. Á¶¿ëÈ÷ °¦¾Æ¸Ô´Â Æı«ÀÚ´Â ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ª¸é¼­ ½×¿©¾ß¸¸ ´«¿¡ ¶ç±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °£°úµÉÁö ¸ð¸¥´Ù. ±×¸² 1Àº À§ÇèÀÇ ¹üÁÖ¿Í Àû¿ë°¡´ÉÇÑ ½Ã°£ ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ °£ÀÇ ÀϹÝÀû °ü°è¸¦ º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ¾çÀûÀ¸·Î´Â Àü¼úÀû À§Çè º¸´Ù Ŭ ¼öµµ ȤÀº ÀÛÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Â Àü·«Àû À§ÇèÀÌ ´ú °¡½ÃÀûÀÌ´Ù. ÇÇÅÍ ¿þÀÏ°ú Áö´Ï ·Î½º´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã¥ ¡®IT Savvy¡¯¿¡¼­ ¿ìÈÄÁ×¼øÇü(siloed) ºñÇ¥ÁØ ºñÅëÇÕ ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀÌ ´Ã¾î³¯ ¶§ÀÇ È¿°ú¸¦ ÁöÀûÇÏ¿´´Ù.

 

 

 

¸¹Àº IT Àü¹®°¡µéÀº ÀÌÁúÀûÀÎ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ÅëÇÕµÈ °Íó·³ º¸À̵µ·Ï ÇÏ´Â µ¥´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ´ÉÅëÇѵ¥, ºñ·ÊÇؼ­ ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ǵéÀ» ¿¬°áÇϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÄÚµå´Â Á¡Á¡ º¹ÀâÇØÁ® °£´Ù. ÁÖ¿ä ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ½Ã½ºÅ۵鿡 ³Ê¹« ¸¹ÀÌ ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ª¸é, ÀÛÀº º¯°æ Á¶Â÷µµ ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸®°í, ºñ¿ëµµ ¸¹ÀÌ µé°í ¶ÇÇÑ À§ÇèÇÏ´Ù.

 

¾Õ¼­ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ Ç¥ÁØÈ­ ºÎÀç ¿ª½Ã Ç÷§Æû °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ ¹Ù¶óº¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Á¶Á÷ÀÌ Æ¯º°ÇÑ IT ¿ª·®À» °³¹ßÇϴµ¥ ³Ë³ËÄ¡ ¸øÇÑ ÀÚ±ÝÀ» ÁöÃâÇÑ´Ù¸é, ±â¼úÀû ±â¹Ý ȤÀº Ç÷§ÆûÀÌ ¾ÈÁ¤ÀûÀ̸ç Àß Á¤Àǵǵµ·Ï º¸ÁõÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ÁÖÅà °Ç¼³¾÷ÀÚ´Â ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Ã´µµ(metric)¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¹ÌÅÍ È¤Àº ÇÇÆ® ÀÏÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â °°Àº ¸Æ¶ô¿¡¼­, °³¹ßÀڵ鵵 ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ±â¼úµéÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ÀûÀýÈ÷ ÅëÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö À־ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ¿ª·®µéÀ» È°¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â º¸ÁõÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ¾î¶² Á¶Á÷ÀÌ Àü»ç¼öÁØÀÇ ´ÜÀÏ ERP ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¾²°í Àִµ¥ Vertex°°Àº ÆǸż¼ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÏÀÚ. »õ·Î¿î ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ À¥ ¼­ºñ½º ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ¸ðµç °ü·Ã ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ǵéÀº °°Àº ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ±× ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ¿¬°áµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ý´ë·Î, ¿©·¯ ERP ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀ» °¡Áø Á¶Á÷¿¡¼­´Â, ±×·± ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¿©·¯ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºµéÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÈξÀ ¸¹Àº ³ë·ÂÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´õ±¸³ª, ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º ¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ ÆǸż¼ °è»ê ¿À·ù À§Çèµµ Áõ°¡ÇÑ´Ù.

 

IT °¨»çÀεéÀÌ À§ÇèÀÇ 3°¡ÁöÀÇ Ç¥ÁØ A (Availability, Access and Accuracy, °¡¿ë¼º, Á¢±Ù ±×¸®°í Á¤È®¼º)¸¦ ¶Ù¾î ³Ñ¾î¼­ Àü·«Àû ¿µ¿ª(Agility, ¹Îø¼º)À¸·Î ³ª¾Æ°¡°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ´ÙÀ½ Áú¹®Àº ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÏ´À³Ä ÀÌ´Ù. ÀçÇØ º¹±¸³ª »ç¾÷ÀÇ ¿¬¼Ó¼º °°Àº ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ À§Çè ¿µ¿ªµéÀº °¨»ç °ËÅä(audit reviews)ÀÇ ¿µ¿ª ¾È¿¡¼­ °í·ÁµÇ¾îÁø´Ù. Àü·«À» °ËÅäÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº º¸Åë ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸, ±×°ÍÀº Ä¿´Ù¶õ À̵æ Â÷¿ø¿¡¼­ Á¦¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ Àý¿¡¼­´Â, ¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀ» IT À§Çè Æò°¡ÀÇ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ °¡¿ë¼º Æ÷Æ®Æú¸®¿À·Î ¼Ò°³ÇÏ´Â °¡´ÉÇÑ ¹æ¹ýµéÀÌ °³·«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íµÈ´Ù.

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°¨»çÀεéÀº ÀÏ»óÀûÀÎ ¾÷¹« ¼öÇà¿¡ À־ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °³³äµéÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô Àû¿ëÇÏ°í Àִ°¡? Àü·«Àû °ü½É»ç´Â °íÀ§ °æ¿µÁøÀÇ ¿µ¿ª¿¡¼­¸¸ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÎÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¨»çÀÎÀÇ Æò°¡ ¿µ¿ª¿¡µµ ÀÚ¸®Àâ°í Àִ°¡? ¾Æ¸¶ °ú°Å¿¡´Â ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, 21¼¼±â¿¡´Â Á¶Á÷ÀÇ »ýÁ¸ ¿©ºÎ°¡ ¹Îø¼º¿¡ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Îø¼ºÀÇ Áß¿äÇÔÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÀÖ´Â À§Çè ºÐ¼®(´ë»ó)¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÅ°µµ·Ï ¿ä±¸ÇÑ´Ù.

 

ºÒÇàÇÏ°Ôµµ, ¹Îø¼º À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °¨»çÀÎÀ» À§ÇÑ ¾î¶°ÇÑ Á¤ÇØÁø ±ÔÄ¢ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ºÐ¸í, ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¹Îø¼ºÀÇ Á¸Àç À¯¹«¸¦ °¡¸®Å°´Â IT ±â´ÉÀûÀÎ ±æÀâÀ̵é, µµ±¸ ÁýÇÕµé ±×¸®°í Àû´çÇÑ Á¤º¸ ±¸Á¶µéÀº ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸² 2¿Í 3Àº ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÑ ³·Àº ¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀ» °¡Áø Á¶Á÷°ú ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ³ôÀº ¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀ» Áö´Ñ Á¶Á÷µéÀÇ ¿¹½ÃÀû Ư¡µéÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ´ÜÁö ¾Ï½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌÁö, ½ÇÁ¦ Á¶Á÷µéÀº ¼­·Î ¸Å¿ì ´Þ¶ó¼­ ÇÑ°¡Áö ¹Îø¼º üũ¸®½ºÆ®·Î´Â Ÿ´çÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Å³ª ȤÀº ½ÇÁúÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Ù.

 

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l  »õ·Î¿î Á¦Ç° (°³¹ß), ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º (µµÀÔ) ȤÀº Áö¸®Àû À§Ä¡ (Ãß°¡) ±×¸®°í ¿£Æ¼Æ¼ ÇÕº´ÀÌ Àû´çÇÑ ºñ¿ë°ú ½Ã°£À» °¡Áö°í ȤÀº Á¶Á÷/ITÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ½Ã½ºÅ۵鿡 ´ëÇÑ ÁߴܾøÀÌ ±¸ÇöµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

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l  °³¹ß µµ±¸, µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º ±â¼ú, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¾ð¾î, ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ IT ±¸¼º¿ä¼ÒµéÀÌ ÃÖ±Ù °ÍÀÌ°í, ±×·¡¼­ Á¶Á÷ÀÌ ¿©ÀÇÄ¡ ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¿ÜÁÖ¸¦ ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

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l  °æ¿µÀÚ°¡ ½Å±Ô ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ̳ª ±âÁ¸ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¯°æÀÌ Àü»çÀûÀÎ Àå±âÀû ÇÊ¿ä¿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇØ ÃßÁøÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾à¼ÓÇß´Ù. Àü»ç ½Ã½ºÅÛµé°ú ÅëÇÕµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÛÀº ±Ô¸ðÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¹× ±¸Á¶µéÀº ±ÇÀåµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, µ¿ÀÏÇÑ Á¦Ç°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¹¼öÀÇ ¹°Ç° ¹øÈ£µéÀº ¿©·¯ »ç¾÷ ºÎ¼­µé(units)¿¡ °ÉÃÄ È®»êµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

l  Àç»ç¿ë°¡´É ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î, ¾Ë°í¸®µë, ±×¸®°í ÇÁ·Î¼¼½ºµé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÇϳªÀÇ ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó´Â ºñÁî´Ï½º ¿ä±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áï°¢ÀûÀÎ ÃæÁ·À» À§ÇÏ¿© IT ½Ã½ºÅ۵鿡 ´ëÇÑ ½Å¼ÓÇϸ鼭µµ ¾ÈÀüÇÑ ¹èÄ¡°¡ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ¼­ºñ½º ÁöÇâ ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó(service-oriented architecture)°¡ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ðµ¨¿¡ ²À ¸Â´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸, SOA °³³äÀÇ ºÎºÐÀûÀÎ ±¸Çö¸¸À¸·Îµµ »çÀü Å×½ºÆ®µÇ°í °øÀ¯µÈ ÄÄÇ»Æà ¿ä¼ÒµéÀ» ¹èÄ¡ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Àü´Þ(delivery)À» ÃËÁø½ÃŲ´Ù.

l  ÇϳªÀÇ ºñÁî´Ï½º ¸ðµ¨ÀÌ °°Àº ÇüÅÂÀÇ IT ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀ» À§ÇÑ ¹ßÆÇÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ÀºÇàÀº °í°´ÀÇ °èÁ¸¦ °³¼³ÇÏ°í, ½Å¿ëÀ» Æò°¡ÇÏ°í, ¸¹Àº »óÇ°µé°£ÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ °ü¸®ÇÏ´Â °Í, µîµîÀÇ Ç¥ÁØ ¹æ½ÄÀ» °®°í ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ¸ðµ¨Àº Àü»çÀûÀ¸·Î °°Àº Çü½ÄÀÇ Æ¯º°ÇÑ IT ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¹× ÇÁ·Î¼¼½ºµé·Î º¯È¯µÈ´Ù.

l  ÀÎÇÁ¶ó±¸Á¶°¡ ºñÁî´Ï½º ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ÇÀ» Áö¿øÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Ç¥ÁØÈ­µÇ°í ¹®¼­È­µÇ°í ÀûÀýÈ÷ ¼³°èµÈ´Ù.

l  (ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î ½Å¼ÓÇÑ °³¹ß¿¡ Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ) ºñ±¸Á¶Àû µ¥ÀÌÅÍ´Â ITÀÇ Àü·«ÀûÀÎ ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó ¼Ó¿¡ ¾ÈÀüÇÑ À§Ä¡¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ºñ±¸Á¶Àû µ¥ÀÌÅÍ°¡ °³ÀÎÀÇ ÇÏµå µå¶óÀÌºê ¼Ó¿¡ µé¾îÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

l  IT ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀº ´Ü¼øÈ÷ Àü¸ÁµÈ ¼ö¿ä¸¦ ÃæÁ·½ÃÅ°±â º¸´Ù´Â ¿¹»óÄ¡ ¸øÇÑ °í°´ÀÇ ½ÇÁúÀû ¼ö¿ä¸¦ ÃæÁ·½Ãų ´É·ÂÀ» °®Ãß°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, °øÀå »ý»ê ¶óÀεéÀÌ ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ º¯È­ÇÏ´Â °í°´ÀÇ ÃëÇâ¿¡ ¸ÂÃâ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å­ ÃæºÐÈ÷ À¯¿¬ÇÑ IT ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

l  ½Å¼ÓÇÑ ÀÀ´ä/À¯¿¬ÇÑ µµ±¸ ¹× ¸Þ¼ÒµåµéÀÌ IT µµ±¸ ÁýÇÕ¿¡ µé¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, °Å·¡, Á¤º¸È帧, µîµîÀÇ ±Þ°ÝÇÑ Áõ°¡ ȤÀº °¨¼Ò¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â °¡»óÈ­, Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå(cloud) ±×¸®°í/ȤÀº Å©¶ó¿ìµå(crowd) ÄÄÇ»ÆÃÀÌ »ç¿ëµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

 

±×¸² 3: ³ôÀº IT ¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀ» Áö´Ñ Á¶Á÷µéÀÇ Æ¯Â¡ (¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀÇ °ü¸® ºÎÀç)

 

l  ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀÌ ÃøÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°í ±Þ°ÝÇÑ ¼ºÀåÀ» ¼ö¿ëÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ¹«»óº¸Áõ û±¸ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º°¡ ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ® ¾×¼¼½º ¾È¿¡ ¾²¿© Àִµ¥, ±¸¸Å À߸øÀ¸·Î, ´çÀå 50À¯Àú¿¡¼­ 500À¯Àú(users)·Î Áõ¼³ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »ç¿ëÀÚ ¼ö¸¦ ÃÊ°úÇÏ¿© È®ÀåÇϵµ·Ï ¼³°èµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº Ç÷§ÆûµéÀº ¿ë·®ÀÇ ÇÑ°è¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϸé À§ÇèÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.

l  ¸ðȸ»çÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅ۵鿡 ´ëÇÑ ÀÚȸ»çµéÀÇ ¿¬°áÀÌ ¼­·Î µÚ¾ûÄÑ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Ç¥ÁØÈ­µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ±× °á°ú, ÀÚȸ»ç¿Í ¸ðȸ»çÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ºÐ¸®ÇÏ´Â ºñ¿ëÀÌ »ó´çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù; ±×°ÍÀº ºÎºÐ ¸Å°¢ »ç¾÷ °áÁ¤¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢Ä¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

l  ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀÌ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ »ç¾÷ ¸ðµ¨°ú °áÇյǾî ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ±×·¡¼­, ´ÙÀ½ ±¸¸Å½Ã µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º, ÀÎÇÁ¶ó±¸Á¶, °³¹ß ȯ°æ, Åë½Å±Ô¾à ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ ±â¼úµé¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Á¦°¢°¢ ÀÓÀÇÀûÀÌ°í ÀáÀçÀûÀ¸·Î´Â °è¼ÓÀûÀÎ µµÀÔÀÌ ±×·ÁÁø´Ù. ³ôÀº °¡º¯¼ºÀº ´õ ³ôÀº IT ºñ¿ë°ú º¸´Ù Å« Àü¹ÝÀûÀÎ À§ÇèÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²ï´Ù.

l  ±¸¸Å ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ Á¶Á÷ ³» ¿©·¯ »ç¾÷ ºÎ¼­¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¢ÀÚÀÇ ¹æ½Ä´ë·Î ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô ¼öÁ¤µÈ´Ù. °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î, »ç¿ëÀÚ Äڵ尡 ÇÊ¿ä ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ¸¹ÀÌ Ãß°¡µÇ¾î À־ Àü»ç Â÷¿øÀÇ º¯°æ°ú »õ·Î¿î Á¦Ç°À» ±¸ÇöÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÒ ¶§ ½Ã°£, ºñ¿ë ±×¸®°í À§ÇèÀ» Áõ°¡½ÃŲ´Ù.

l  ERP ½Ã½ºÅ۵鿡 ¿À·¡µÈ ¿©·¯ ¹öÀüµéÀÌ À־ À¯¿ëÇÑ º¼Æ®¿Â(bolt-on) ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀÌ °úµµÇÑ ºñ¿ë°ú °³¹ß ½Ã°£À» µéÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í´Â ¼³Ä¡µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

l  ºÐ»ê Æ÷¸Ëµé¿¡ ÀÖ´Â µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ Ç¥ÁØÈ­ Çϴµ¥, ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸¹Àº ÇÁ·Î¼¼½Ì ¶§¹®¿¡ Á¶Á÷ Àü¹Ý¿¡ °ÉÃÄ Àç°í, ÁÖ¹®, µîµîÀÇ ³»ºÎ °¡½Ã¼ºÀÌ ºÎÀçÇÏ´Ù.

l  ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀÌ¼Ç ¿öÅ©Ç÷ο찡 ÇϵåÄÚµù(hard coded) µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ½Å±Ô ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º°¡ ÀçÄÚµù Çϰųª ¸¹Àº Å×½ºÆ® ¾øÀÌ Ãß°¡µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

 

ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î °¨»çÀεéÀº ¿¬°£ °¨»ç °èȹÀ» ¼ö¸³Çϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ´Â Çü½ÄÀûÀÎ À§Çè Æò°¡¸¦ ½Ç½ÃÇÑ´Ù. ¸¹Àº À§Çè Æò°¡ÀÇ ¾àÁ¡Àº ´Ü¼øÈ­ÇÑ ¸ðµ¨ ȤÀº ÆíÇùÇÑ °üÁ¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¨»çÀεéÀÇ ½Å·ÚÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ºê¸®Å´ÏÄ¿ ¹é°ú»çÀüÀÇ ¼öÀͼº¿¡ ´ëÇÑ 1985³â À§Çè ºÐ¼®Àº À§Å°Çǵð¾Æ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¸¸µé¾îÁø »ç¿ëÀÚ-ÀÛ¼º ¾Æ¶ìŬ(articles)ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ÆǸŠ¿µÇâÀ» °í·ÁÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´´ø °Í °°´Ù. À§Çè ¾ïÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿­¼è´Â ƯÁ¤ À§ÇèÀ» ¿¹ÃøÇÏ´Â ´É·ÂÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¹°¸®Àû ÀçÇØ, ±â¼ú º¯È­ ȤÀº ´Ü¼øÇÑ °í°´ ÃëÇâÀÇ °©ÀÛ½º·± À̵¿ µî (ÀüÇô) ¿¹ÃøÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´ø À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â ´É·ÂÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

 

ÀڽŵéÀÇ À§Çè Æò°¡¿¡ ¹Îø¼ºÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ º¸´Ù ¸¹Àº Àü·«ÀûÀÎ °ü½É»çµéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÅ°·Á ³ë·ÂÇÏ´Â °¨»ç ±×·ì¿¡°Ô´Â ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡¼­ Ãâ¹ßÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÑ°¡Áö ¹æ¹ýÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Çѹø¿¡ Àü»çÀûÀÎ IT ¹Îø¼º À§ÇèÀ» ¸ðµÎ ó¸®Çϱ⠺¸´Ù´Â, °³¹ß¿¡ À־ »õ·Î¿î ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» À§ÇÑ ¹Îø¼º Á×À̱â(agility killing) ½Ç¹«¿¡ ÁÖÀ§¸¦ ±â¿ïÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ º¸´Ù ½¬¿î Ãâ¹ßÁ¡ÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀ¸·Î ºñÇ¥ÁØ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ Á¦¾ÈµÈ´Ù¸é, °¨»çÀÎÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Áú¹®À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù:

  • ±× µ¥ÀÌÅÍ°¡ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ¿Í ¾î¶»°Ô ÅëÇÕµÉ ¼ö Àִ°¡?
  • ºñÁî´Ï½º ¸ðµ¨ÀÌ º¯ÇÒ °æ¿ì ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â ½±°Ô ¼öÁ¤µÉ ¼ö Àִ°¡?
  • º¸¾ÈÀÌ ÇöÀçÀÇ º¸¾È ½Ã½ºÅÛ°ú ÅëÇÕµÉ ¼ö Àִ°¡, ¾Æ´Ï¸é À¯Áöº¸¼ö¸¦ À§ÇØ ºÐ¸®µÈ º¸¾È µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ÇÊ¿ä·Î Çϴ°¡? ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ÇØ´ç ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ À©µµ¿ì ¾×Ƽºê µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¾Æ´Ï¸é Áߺ¹µÈ »ç¿ëÀÚ µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ Àִ°¡?

°á·Ð

 

Ä¿´Ù¶õ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ »ýÁ¸¿¡ À־ ¸¹Àº Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ä¼ÒµéÀº ¼öÄ¡È­ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Å³ª ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ¡°¿¹/¾Æ´Ï¿À¡± ȤÀº ¡°´ë/Áß/¼Ò¡± Á¤µµ·Î¸¸ Á¤·®È­ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ ¿ä¼ÒµéÀÌ Áß¿äÄ¡ ¾Ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¶æÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, µµ´ö, °³ÀÎÀÇ ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿­¸Á ±×¸®°í ¾÷¹« À¯¿¬¼ºÀº ±â¾÷ÀÇ ¼º°ú¿¡ ¸Å¿ì °­ÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢Ä¡Áö¸¸ ÃøÁ¤ÇϱⰡ ¾î·Æ´Ù. ¹Îø¼ºµµ °°Àº ÀÔÀå¿¡ ³õ¿© ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¸ðÈ£ÇÏÁö¸¸ Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °¨»çÀεéÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ÀڽŵéÀÇ Áø´Ü µµ±¸¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄÑ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

 

±â¾÷À̳ª »çȸÀÇ º¯È­ ¼Óµµ´Â Á¶Á÷µéÀÌ ¹Îø¼º ÀÖ´Â IT ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀ» À¯ÁöÇϵµ·Ï ¿ä±¸ÇÑ´Ù. Á¦Ç°À̳ª ¼­ºñ½º¸¦ ºü¸£°Ô º¯È­½ÃÅ°´Â, ¸¹Àº ³ë·Â ¾øÀ̵µ ÀÚȸ»ç¸¦ ¾ø¾Ö°Å³ª ÇÕº´ÇÏ´Â, ½Ã½ºÅÛµéÀ» È®´ëÇϰųª Ãà¼Ò½ÃÅ°´Â, µ¥ÀÌÅÍ Àü¼Û¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³·Àº °áÇÕ(loose couling)À» ±¸ÇöÇÏ´Â, ±×¸®°í »õ·Î¿î »çȸÀû ÄÄÇ»Æà ¿ä¼Òµé°ú ¿¬°á½ÃÅ°´Â ´É·ÂÀº ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. °¨»çÀÎÀº IT À§ÇèÀÇ Àü·«Àû °ËÅäÀÇ ÀÏºÎ·Î½á ¹Îø¼º Æò°¡¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄÑ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÆíÁýÁõÀûÀÌ°í ¹ÎøÇÑ Á¶Á÷¸¸ÀÌ »ì¾Æ ³²´Â´Ù.

Endnotes

1 Use of the term ¡°agile¡± in this article is conceptual and applies generally across the enterprise. It is not referring to the specific development life cycle technique referred to as ¡°agile development.¡±
2 Westerman, George; Richard Hunter; IT Risk, Harvard Business School Press, USA, 2007
3 Folding@home, http://folding.stanford.edu, accessed 27 July 2009
4 Fingar, Peter; Dot Cloud: The 21st Century Business Platform Built on Cloud Computing, Meghan-Kiffer Press, USA, 2009
5 Peter Weill and Jeanne W. Ross, IT Savvy, Harvard Business Press, USA, 2009, p. 73-74
6 ¡°Web services is a standards-based suite of technologies (XML, SOAP, WSDL, UDDI) designed to support interoperable applications to application interactions over a network.¡± Project Maui Glossary, University of Iowa, USA, http://provost.uiowa.edu/maui/Glossary.html, accessed 23 November 2009
7 According to Wikipedia News (http://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_fights_back_against_Wikipedia,_soon_to_let_users_edit_contents&oldid=780255, accessed 29 November 2009), ¡°Encyclopedia Britannica, the authoritative reference book first published in 1768, is planning to let readers edit its entries, Jorge Cauz, its president said Friday, as it battles to keep pace with online Internet encyclopedia projects like Wikipedia.¡±
8 Loose coupling refers to the ability of systems to communicate with each other without rigid adherence to data layouts, sequencing of transactions and other highly idiosyncratic configurations. For example, the use of XML helps enable loose coupling because that protocol carries its own instructions on how the data are to be used. Minor program changes do not automatically result in changes to the interface structure.
9 A slight variation on the quote from Andy Grove, former chairman of Intel, ¡°only the paranoid survive.¡±

Eric J. Brown
is currently the executive vice president and chief information officer (CIO) of NCI Building Systems Inc., the largest manufacturer and marketer of metal building components and preengineered metal building systems worldwide. Brown brings more than 25 years of experience implementing global IT solutions throughout Asia-Pacific, Europe and the Middle East. Brown specializes in linking business vision and strategy to IT¡¯s key objectives. His publications include The Effective CIO, Achieving Success as a CIO and numerous professional articles.

William A. Yarberry Jr., CISA, CPA
is president of ICCM Consulting LLC. His practice focuses on IT governance, Sarbanes-Oxley compliance, security consulting and business analytics. He was previously a senior manager with PricewaterhouseCoopers. Yarberry has more than 30 years of experience in a variety of IT-related services, including application development, internal audit management, outsourcing administration and Sarbanes-Oxley consulting. His publications include The Effective CIO, Computer Telephony Integration and Telecommunications Cost Management, as well as more than 25 professional articles covering a broad range of control, governance and security topics.


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