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  Å¬¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»ÆÃ, ¹ý±Ô ±×¸®°í µ¥ÀÌÅÍ º¸¾È À§Çè¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀÔ¹® By Carl Cadregari, and Alfonzo Cutaia, Esq
  ±Û¾´ÀÌ : ½ÅÀÎö     ³¯Â¥ : 11-05-31 13:10     Á¶È¸ : 5440     Ãßõ : 20     Æ®·¢¹é ÁÖ¼Ò

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Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»ÆÃ, ¹ý±Ô ±×¸®°í µ¥ÀÌÅÍ º¸¾È À§Çè¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀÔ¹®

 

By Carl Cadregari, CISA, and Alfonzo Cutaia, Esq

 

ISACA Journal Volume 3, 2011

 

²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ º¯È­ÇÏ´Â °æÁ¦Àû ±×¸®°í ±Ô¹üÀû ºÐÀ§±â ¼Ó¿¡¼­, ºñÁî´Ï½º ¿å±¸µµ ±×·¯ÇÑ ºÐÀ§±â¸¸Å­À̳ª ºü¸£°Ô º¯ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Á¶Á÷µéÀº ¼öÆò¼± À§ÀÇ Æødz¿ì¿¡µµ ÀûÀÀÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å­ ¹ÎøÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹»ê»ó Á¦¾à°ú ´Ã¾î³ª´Â ±ÔÁ¦ Áؼö À̴ϼÅƼºêµéÀº Á¶Á÷À¸·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ÀÏ»óÀû ¿ä±¸µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ë¾ÈÀ» ãµµ·Ï °­¿äÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

 

ÇÑ°¡Áö ´ë¾È: Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»ÆÃ

 

±×·¯³ª, Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»Æà ÀÌ¿ëÀº ºñÁî´Ï½º¿¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â°¡? ±â¾÷Àº ¸Å¿ì ¹Î°¨ÇÑ ºñÁî´Ï½º ¹× °í°´ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼Õ½Ç ±×¸®°í ÀáÀçÀûÀ¸·Î À̾îÁö´Â ¹ú±Ý, Á¦Àç ±×¸®°í ¼Ò¼ÛÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô °ßµ®³¾ °ÍÀΰ¡?

 

¡°Å¬¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»Æá±Àº ÃÖ±Ù ¸¹ÀÌ Á¢ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é¼­ È¥¶õÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¿ë¾îÀÌ´Ù. ¡°Å¬¶ó¿ìµå cloud¡±´Â IT Á¶Á÷µéÀÌ 1990³â´ëÀÇ Åë½Å ¾÷°è¿¡¼­ ºô·Á¿Â ¿ë¾îÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¿ÀÈ÷·Á Á¤¹Ð °úÇÐ(¼öÇÐ ¶Ç´Â ¹°¸®ÇÐ °°Àº)º¸´Ù Æø³ÐÀº °³³äÀÌ´Ù. °¡Àå ºÐ¸íÇÑ(±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ) Àǹ̷Π±×¸®°í ÀÌ·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î, Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»ÆÃÀº ÄÄÇ»Æà ÀÚ¿øÀÇ °Å´ëÇÑ ÁýÁßÈ­ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÁýÁßÈ­·Î, Á¤º¸, ÇÁ·Î¼¼½Ì ±×¸®°í ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¸Ö¸® ¶³¾îÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç µ¶¸³ÀûÀ¸·Î ÅëÁ¦µÇ´Â Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ´Ù¼öÀÇ È¸»ç, »ç¿ëÀÚ ±×¸®°í ¼­ºñ½º¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °¡»óÈ­¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ½Å±â¼úÀÇ ÀÌ¿ëÀ¸·Î, »õ·Î¿î ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÀÚ¿øµéÀº Ãß°¡ ÀÚ¿øÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â Á¶Á÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ºü¸£°Ô °ø±ÞµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

 

¾ÆÀÌ·¯´ÏÇÏ°Ôµµ, Áß¾ÓÁýÁß ÄÄÇ»ÆÃÇÁ·Î¼¼½Ì ÆÄ¿ö¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â Áß¾Ó¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ ¸ÞÀÎÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿Í Àú±ÞÀÇ Ã³¸® ´É·ÂÀ» Áö´Ñ ¡°´õ¹Ì Å͹̳Î(dumb terminals)¡±ÀÌ ¿ø°Å¸®¿¡¼­ ¸ÞÀÎÇÁ·¹ÀÓ¿¡ ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ´ÙÀº ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÄÄÇ»Æà ¸ðµ¨À̾ú´Ù. ÄÄÇ»Æà ¸ðµ¨Àº ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ª¸é¼­ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½Ì ´É·ÂÀÌ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÎÁ®¼­, Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®-¼­¹ö ¸ðµ¨·Î ¹Ù²î¾ú´Ù¿©°ÍÀº ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ±â´É(¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ÆÄÀÏ ÀúÀå, ÇÁ¸°Æ® Å¥ °ü¸®)À» ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â ¼­·Î Á÷Á¢ ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ¼­¹öµéÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ±×¸®°í ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÄÄÇ»Æà ÆÄ¿ö´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ °¡ÀåÀÚ¸®¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ·¦Åé°ú µ¥½ºÅ©Å¾ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ·Î À̵¿µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ ÆíÀ缺, ±× Àü¿¡´Â µµ´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´ø µ¥ÀÌÅÍ Àü¼Û ¼ÓµµÀÇ ÀÌ¿ë ±×¸®°í (Åë½Å) ´ë¿ªÆøÀÇ ¿©À¯ µîÀ¸·Î µ¥ÀÌÅÍ¿Í ÇÁ·Î¼¼½Ì À̵¿ÀÌ ºñ±³Àû Àú·ÅÇØÁ³À¸¸ç, ±×¸®°í Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå Á¦°øÀÚÀÇ °­·ÂÇÑ ÄÄÇ»Å͵éÀº º¸´Ù Áß¾ÓÁýÁᫎ ÄÄÇ»Æà ¸ðµ¨·ÎÀÇ È¸±Í·Î À̲ö´Ù.

 

ÄÄÇ»Æà ¸ðµ¨·Î½á´Â Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»ÆÃÀº À¯¾Æ±â¿¡ ¸Ó¹°·¯ ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ¸î¸î Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå °³³äµéÀº ³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½Ì »ç¾÷Àº ¼­ºñ½º·Î½á ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î(Software as a Service : SaaS)¿Í ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀÌ¼Ç ¼­ºñ½º Á¦°øÀÚ(application service providers : ASP)¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀÌ¼Ç È£½ºÆÃ; Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ½ºÅ丮Áö¿Í ¿Â¶óÀÎ ¹é¾÷À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ½ºÅ丮Áö °¡»óÈ­; IT ¾Æ¿ô¼Ò½Ì(ITO); ±×¸®°í ÇïÇÁµ¥½ºÅ©, °¡»ó µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¼¾ÅÍ ±×¸®°í È£½ºÆ¼µå (Ç÷§Æû) µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¼¾Å͸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ºñÁî´Ï½º ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º ¾Æ¿ô¼Ò½Ì(BPO)¿Í °°Àº Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»Æà ¿ë¾î ¹× °³³äµé¿¡ Á¡Á¡ Àͼ÷ÇØÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Ä£±Ù°¨¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í, ÀÚ¿øÀÇ ÁýÁßÈ­¿Í °øÀ¯·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÆóÇØÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Å¬¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»Æÿ¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÁî´Ï½ºÀû ÀÌÀÍÀ» ¼ø½Ä°£¿¡ Ãß¿ùÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¼öÁرîÁö Ä¿Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ¼Ö·ç¼Ç È°¿ëÀ» ÁÖ½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç Á¶Á÷µéÀÌ ±×·¯ÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀ» ÅëÇØ ¼º°øÇÏ°í, ³ª¾Æ°¡¼­´Â ¹øâÇϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ À§ÇèÀ» ¹Ýµå½Ã ÀÌÇØÇÏ¿©¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.

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Á¶Á÷ÀÇ Á¤º¸¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÅëÁ¦µÇÁö ¾Ê°Å³ª ¹Ì¸® ³»´Ùº¼ ¼ö ¾ø´Â À§Çè ¹× À§ÇùÀÌ °¡ÇØÁú ±Ø´ÜÀûÀÎ °¡´É¼ºÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ Å¬¶ó¿ìµåÀÇ ÀÕÁ¡Àº »ó¼âµÈ´Ù. ±â¾÷Àº µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå·Î ¿Å±â±â Àü¿¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã ¸ðµç À§ÇèÀ» öÀúÈ÷ Æò°¡ÇÏ°í ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í ¿ÏÈ­½ÃÄѾ߸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.

 

»ç¾÷À» ¿µÀ§Çϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â ¶§·Î´Â À¯ÇüÀÇ, ¶§·Î´Â ¹«ÇüÀÇ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ»êÀÌ´Ù. º¸À¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¹× Á¤º¸°¡ ±â¾÷¿¡ ¹«½¼ °¡Ä¡°¡ Àִ°¡? ±×°ÍÀº »çÀ̹ö ¹üÁËÀڵ鿡°Ô´Â ¾ó¸¶ ¸¶ÇÑ °¡Ä¡°¡ Àִ°¡? ÇØÄ¿´Â Á¤º¸¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¹«¾ùÀ» Çϴ°¡? ±â¾÷Àº ´Ù¸¥ ȸ»ç°¡ ¿ì¿¬È÷ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇÏ°í º¯°æÇÑ´Ù¸é ¾ó¸¶ ¸¸ÇÑ ¼ÕÇØÀΰ¡? ÀÒ¾î¹ö¸®°Å³ª Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå Á¦°øÀÚ°¡ ÀçÇظ¦ ´çÇØ ±â¾÷ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¤º¸¿¡ Á¢±ÙÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù¸é ±â¾÷Àº ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡? ´©±º°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ º¯°æÇÑ´Ù¸é ±× »ç½ÇÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ¾Ë ¼ö Àִ°¡? ÀÚ±âÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ°¡ ³ëÃâµÈ´Ù¸é ±â¾÷Àº ¹«¾ùÀ» ¹ýÀ¸·Î ó¸®ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡?

 

º¸¾È Ãë¾à¼º°ú µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¼Õ½Ç »ç°í´Â Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î ÀϾ´Ù. 2010³â¿¡, µ¥ÀÌÅͺ긮ġ³Ý, ¹Ì¿¬¹æ¼ö»ç±¹(FBI), ÄÄÇ»Åͺ¸¾ÈÇùȸ(CSI) ±×¸®°í ÀÌ·± »ç°íµéÀ» ÃßÀûÇÏ´Â ±âŸ ´Ù¸¥ Á¶Á÷µé¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ¼öõ¾ï °³ÀÇ ·¹ÄÚµå À¯Ãâ »ç°í·Î ½Å¹®¿¡ º¸µµµÈ ÁÖ¿ä »ç°í¸¸µµ ¼ö¹é °ÇÀ̳ª µÈ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ »çÀ̹ö ¹üÁË´Â (ÀÏ»óÀûÀ¸·Î ÇàÇØÁö´Â) »î ÀÚü¶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ±ú´ÝÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ½Å¹®À» ÆîÄ¥ ¼öµµ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ±â»ç¸¦ ÀÐÀ» ¼öµµ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ Çö½ÇÀÌ´Ù¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ALDI, 5 T.J.Maxx, 6 ÇÏÆ®·£µå°áÁ¦½Ã½ºÅÛÁî, 7 ¹Ì±¹ ÀçÇⱺÀÎȸ, 8 Ben & Jerry¡¯s,9 and PETCO,10 µî¿¡ ±¦ÂúÀ¸´Ï È®ÀÎÇØ º¸½Ê½Ã¿À. °á·ÐÀº Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå Á¦°øÀÚ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº º¸¾È »ç°íÀÇ À§ÇèÀ» »ó´çÈ÷ ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ°í µ¥ÀÌÅÍ À¯Ãâ¿¡ µû¸£´Â ¸ðµç ºñ¿ë, ¹ýÀû Á¦Àç ±×¸®°í ±âŸ ¼ÕÇØ µîÀÌ »ó´çÈ÷ Áõ°¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸, ³ô¾ÆÁø »ç°í ¹ß»ý À§Çè¿¡ ´õÇÏ¿©, »ç°í ¹ß»ýÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ°í »ç°í ¼ö½ÀÀ» À§ÇÑ ºñ¿ëÀº Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»Æà ÀÚüÀÇ Ãß»óÀû ¼ºÁú¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ´Ã¾î³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

 

µ¥ÀÌÅÍ, ±×¸®°í ±×¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¢±ÙÀº ±â¾÷ÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¿ÀÆÛ·¹ÀÌ¼Ç ±×¸®°í ƯÈ÷ ¼­ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °í°´¿¡°Ô´Â ½ÇÁúÀûÀÎ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À̵û±Ý, ÇØ´ç Á¤º¸¸¦ ÈÉÃļ­ Á¶ÀÛÇϰųª ½Å¿ëÀ» ¶³¾î¶ß¸®°í ½Í¾îÇÏ´Â ¾î¶°ÇÑ »ç¶÷, ±â¾÷, ½ÉÁö¾î ±¹°¡¸¦ À§Çؼ­´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ°¡ ÃæºÐÈ÷ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡Àº ºÐ¸íÇÑ »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù. ±â¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çù¹Ú¿ëÀ¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â »çÀ̹ö¹üÁËÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÇØ´ç µ¥ÀÌÅÍ´Â ¾ó¸¶³ª ¸¹Àº °¡Ä¡°¡ Àִ°¡? °ø°ÝÀÚµéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÇ À§ÇèÀ» ±× Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾ò´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸»óÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖÇÑ´Ù. Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¶§, ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Áú¹®ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù: ¼ö½Ê ȤÀº ¼ö¹é °³ÀÇ ¿©·¯ ±â¾÷µéÀÇ Áß¾ÓÁýÁß µ¥ÀÌÅÍ°¡ ¾î´À ÇÑ °³ ±â¾÷ÀÇ À§Çù »çÅ°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÛ¿ëÇϴ°¡? ´Ü¼øÇÑ »ç½ÇÀº Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ¼Ó¿¡ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ³Ö¾îµÐ ºñÁî´Ï½º´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ°¡ ½ÇÁúÀûÀ¸·Î º¸°üµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â Àå¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àý´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¾î¶°ÇÑ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ ÅëÁ¦µµ °®°í ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ¿ª½Ã, Ç¥ÁØ ¼­ºñ½º ¼öÁØ Çù¾à(standard SLAs)µµ Å©°Ô µµ¿òÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¼³·É µµ¿òÀÌ µÉÁö¶óµµ, Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå Á¦°øÀÚµéÀº ÀÚ±âµé °í°´µéÀ» À§ÇÑ º¸¾È, °¡¿ë¼º ¶Ç´Â ÀÀ´ä½Ã°£À» º¸ÁõÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ Å©°Ô ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ SLAs´Â ºñÁî´Ï½º ¿À³ÊµéÀ» À§ÇÏ¿©, ƯÈ÷ ¹ýÀûÀΠåÀÓ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©¼­´Â, È®½ÇÇÑ º¸ÀåÀ» Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â À§ÇÑ Ä¿´Ù¶õ ½Ã°£Àû ¿©À¯¿Í ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ³ë·Â ¿ïŸ¸®(¿ªÀÚÁÖ: ÃÖ¼±À» ´ÙÇÏ¸é ¸éÃ¥À» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¶Ç×)¸¦ ³¢¿ö ³Ö´Â´Ù. ¾ðÁ¦ Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ÄÄÇ»ÆÃÀ» ±âȹÇϵçÁö, µ¥ÀÌÅÍ´Â °ËÅäµÉ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±×¸®°í Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå º¸¾È ¿¬ÇÕȸ¿¡¼­ ¸¸µç ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ 6°¡Áö Áú¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â ´äº¯ÀÌ µÇ°í Á¤ÀǵǾî¾ß ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù:

 

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Endnotes

1 See the case studies published by Microsoft (www.microsoft.com/en-us/cloud/tools-resources.aspx?CR_CC=200010704&WT.srch=1&WT.mc_id=A8A7CD18-DA39-4EEE-81FC-BA7440F28341&CR_SCC=200010704#casestudy) and the information provided from VMware (www.vmware.com/solutions/cloud-computing).
2 The Federal Bureau of Investigation, ¡°Internet Crime Trends—The Latest Report,¡± USA, www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2011/february/internet_022411/internet_022411.
3 Computer Security Institute, http://gocsi.com/sites/default/files/uploads/Surveyand%20webinar%20PR%202010.pdf
4 See www.bankinfosecurity.com, www.ftc.gov, www.first.org, www.cloudsecurityalliance.org and www.cloutage.org.
5 Aldi, ¡°ALDI Notifies Customers of Tampered Payment Card Terminals,¡± press release, 1 October 2010, www.aldifoods.com/us/media/company/company/Press_Release.pdf
6 Jewell, Mark; ¡°TJX, Visa Reach $40.9M Settlement for Data Breach,¡± USA Today, 30 November 2007, www.usatoday.com/money/industries/retail/2007-11-30-tjx-visa-breach-settlement_N.htm
7 McGlasson, Linda; ¡°Heartland Payment Systems, Forcht Bank Discover Data Breaches,¡± BankInfoSecurity.com, 21 January 2009, www.bankinfosecurity.com/articles.php?art_id=1168
8 Yen, Hope; ¡°VA Agrees to Pay $20 Million to Veterans in 2006 Data Breach,¡± Boston.com, 28 January 2009, www.boston.com/news/nation/washington/articles/2009/01/28/va_agrees_to_pay_20_million_to_veterans_in_2006_data_breach
9 See Open Security Foundation, http://datalossdb.org/incidents/3062-2-500-customers-names-and-addressesexposed-on-the-web.
10 See Open Security Foundation, http://datalossdb.org/incidents/30-up-to-500-000-credit-card-numbers-exposed.
11 Cloud Security Alliance, ¡°Security Guidance for Critical Areas of Focus in Cloud Computing V2.1,¡± USA, 2009, www.cloudsecurityalliance.org/guidance/csaguide.v2.1.pdf
12 Ponemon, Dr. Larry; ¡°Five Countries: Cost of Data Breach,¡± Ponemon Institute LLC, revised 19 April 2010, www.ponemon.org/local/upload/fckjail/generalcontent/18/file/2010%20Global%20CODB.pdf
13 Masters, Greg; ¡°Rite Aid to Pay $1 Million Fine for HIPAA Violation,¡± SC Magazine, 28 July 2010, www.scmagazineus.com/rite-aid-to-pay-1-million-fine-forhipaa-violation/article/175729
14 Op cit, Jewell, Mark
15 Santalesa, Richard L.; ¡°Health Net Agrees to $250,000 Fine and ¡®Corrective Action Plan¡¯ to Settle Loss of PHI,¡± Information Law Group, 21 July 2010, www.infolawgroup.com/2010/07/articles/hitech-1/health-net-agrees-to-250000-fine-and-corrective-actionplan-to-settle-loss-of-phi
16 Hennessy-Fiske, Molly; ¡°Six California Hospitals Fined for Medical Record Security Breaches,¡± Los Angeles Times, 19 November 2010, http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2010/11/hospital-fines.html
17 See Open Security Foundation, http://cloutage.org/incidents?reported_year=2010.

Carl Cadregari, CISA
is principal and practice lead in the Enterprise Risk Management Division of the Bonadio Group and also serves as chief information security director at one of the largest insurance companies in upstate New York (USA). Cadregari has more than 28 years of experience in IT and IS security architecture, deployment, project management, security by design and governance.

Alfonzo Cutaia, Esq.
is an associate in the Information Technology & Internet Law Practice Group of Hodgson Russ LLP and focuses on patent practice. Before joining Hodgson Russ, Cutaia served as an intellectual property assistant for the Office of Science, Technology Transfer and Economic Outreach at the University at Buffalo (USA).


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